Office 365 Multi-Factor Authentication

Step One:
Sign into Office 365 at
https://portal.office.com.
After you choose 
Sign in, you'll be prompted for more information. Choose Next.

MFA More info needed

Step Two:
The default authentication method is to use the free Microsoft Authenticator app for iOS or Android.
If you have it installed on your mobile device, select 
Next and follow the prompts to add this account. If you don't have it installed, you may use the download links below:

Microsoft Authenticator for iOS
Microsoft Authenticator for Android


If you would rather use SMS messages sent to your phone instead, select 
I want to set up a different method.
Microsoft 365 will ask for your mobile number, then send you an SMS message containing a 6-digit code to verify your device.

Tip: For a faster, and more secure, experience we recommend the Authenticator App rather than SMS verification.

Step Three:
Once you complete the instructions to specify your additional verification method, the next time you sign in to Microsoft 365, you'll be prompted to provide the additional verification information or action, such as typing the verification code provided by your authenticator app or sent to you by text message.
 

Notes: 

a) Multi-factor authentication for Office 365 is only required when accessing your account when not connected to the GASD network (i.e. home or public network, cellular network, etc.).

b) In most scenarios, you will only need the additional verification method the first time you sign into a new app or device, or after you've changed your password.

c) If you have applications that don't support an additional verification, you must set up an app password. See manage app passwords for more information.

References:

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/set-up-your-microsoft-365-sign-in-for-multi-factor-authentication-ace1d096-61e5-449b-a875-58eb3d74de14